Summary The diffusion of Christianity along the Silk Road from Iraq and Iran to China in the premodern era has attracted scholarly attention in the West since the discovery of the famous Xian (Nestorian) Monument c. 1623. This initial discovery was dismissed as a Jesuit forgery by Voltaire, Edward Gibbon and many other scholars of the Enlightenment. However, its authenticity has been more than vindicated by the discovery of genuine (Nestorian / Jingjiao) Christian texts in Chinese from Dunhuang and in Syriac, Sogdian and Old Turkish from Turfan (Bulayq) at the beginning of the last century. Besides confirming the existence of a Tang era Chinese Christian church (Jingjiao), additional archaeological and literary evidence has accumulated of a Christian presence in China during the later Song and Yuan periods (Yelikewenjiao). These churches were the subject of a conference of international specialists in Hong Kong in 2015. The current volume of eleven articles has grown out of the papers presented there. TABLE OF CONTENTS Foreword (Florian Knothe) List of Contributors Part One: The Church of the East in Central Asia 1. Erica Hunter (SOAS) The Christian Library from Turfan: commemorating the saints in MIK III/45 2. Nicholas Sims-Williams, FBA (SOAS) Sogdian biblical manuscripts from the Turfan oasis 3. Takahashi Hidemi (University of Tokyo) Representation of the Syriac language in Jingjiao documents Part Two: The Church of the East in Tang and Yuan China 4. Huaiyu, Chen (Univsity of Arizona) Shared Issues in a Shared Textual Community: Buddhist, Christian, and Daoist Texts in Tang Chin 5. Max Deeg (Cardiff University) Messiah Rediscovered: Some Philological Notes on the So-called 'Jesus the Messiah Sutra 6. Samuel N.C. Lieu, (Macquarie and Robinson College, Cambridge) From Rome (Daqin ??) To China (Zhongguo ??): The Xi'an ?? (Nestorian) Monument As A Bilingual And Transcultural Document (Keynote Address) 7. Glen L. Thompson (Asia Lutheran Seminary, Hong Kong) Strange Teaching from a Strange Land: Foreignness, Heresy, and Our Understanding of the Jingjiao and Yelikewenjiao 8. David Wilmshurst (formerly Chinese University of Hong Kong) Interfaith Conflict in Yuan China Part Three: The Art and Iconography of the Church of the East 9. Niu Ruji, 'History Is a Mirror:On the Spread of Nestorianism in China from the Newly Discovered Bronze Mirror with Cross-lotus and Syriac Inscriptions 10. Ken Parry (Emeritus Macquarie) Images in the Church of the East: The Textual and Art Historical Evidence in the Light of Contemporary Practice 11. Patrick Taveirne (Chinese University of Hong Kong) The Study of the Ordos "Nestorian Bronze Crosses": Status Quaestionis Addenda to Chapter 3 Index