Summary Berechiah ben Natronai ha-Naqdan, the illustrious Jewish scholar from Rouen,was probably the most prolific writer among the twelfth century Jewish authors in France. While all his creations are truly remarkable, two are the focus of this book: Mishlei Shu'alim, the largest compilation of Aesopian fables ever written in Hebrew, and Dodi ve-Nekhdi, a translation of Adelard of Bath's Questiones Naturales. The ten studies gathered here, written by internationally renowned scholars from Europe, Israel and the United States, explore the richness and uniqueness of these two major books, as well as their sources and their reception. A number of these studies accentuate specific themes and motives, some of which are discussed here for the first time. Other studies relate to the linguistic particularities, examined here in a novel and original manner. We also present innovative studies on the Hebrew version of Questiones Naturales, and use vibrant examples to demonstrate the translations, adaptations and uses of Berechiah's works from the Middle Ages until the modern area. This volume is the result of an international workshop that was held in the Center for Jewish Studies in Palacky University in May 2015. TABLE OF CONTENTS Preface and Acknowledgements Tamás Visi, Introduction. Berechiah ben Natronai ha-Naqdan and His Works Tovi Bibring, Juif ou Français ? Berechiah ha-Naqdan au carrefour culturel : nouvelles considérations sur « Souris et Grenouille » Part I. The Mishlei Shu?alim Revital Refael-Vivante, Charity as a Value and a Norm in Mishlei Shu?alim by Rabbi Berechiah ha-Naqdan Cyril aslanov, Can the Language of Mishlei Shu?alim Give us a Clue about Berechiah ha-Naqdan's Geographical Origin? Part II. The Scientific Works Tamás Visi, Science and Religion in Ashkenaz. Berechiah ben Natronai ha-Naqdan and his Predecessors Hagar Kahana-smilansky, The Sources of Berechiah's Book of Questions, Illustrated by the Questions on Ocular Vision and 'Melancholic' Animals Part III. Berechiah's Reception in the Middle Ages Rella Kushelevsky, Berechiah's Imprint on Sefer ha-ma'asim: The Reception of Mishlei Shu?alim Andreas lehnardt, "I Saw in a Town Violence and Strife" - An Unknown Ashkenazic Maqama Found in a Binding Fragment Part IV. Berechiah's Reception in the Early Modern and Modern Period Magdaléna Jáno?íková, Fox Fables in the Early Modern Era. The Fables that Ashkenaz Read in Hebrew Daniel Soukup, Melchior Hanel (1627-1689) and his Latin Translation of Mishlei Shu?alim in the Context of the Respublica Litteraria Ellen Frankel, Twice-Translated Tales. Creating Contemporary English Versions of the Fox Fables of Berechiah ben Natronai Ha-Naqdan Abstracts in French